Logo

ASTM E177-90a(2002)

Historical Reaffirmation

Standard Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods

$91.00

$91.00

$163.80


Sub Total (1 Item(s))

$ 0.00

Estimated Shipping

$ 0.00

Total (Pre-Tax)

$ 0.00


Stay effortlessly up-to-date with the latest standard revisions. When new versions are released, they're automatically charged and delivered to you, ensuring seamless compliance.

...

1.1 The purpose of this practice is to present concepts necessary to the understanding of the terms "precision" and "bias" as used in quantitative test methods. This practice also describes methods of expressing precision and bias and, in a final section, gives examples of how statements on precision and bias may be written for ASTM test methods. The term "accuracy", used in earlier editions of Practice E 177, embraces both precision and bias (see Section 20 and Note 4).

1.2 Informal descriptions of the concepts are introduced in the text as the concepts are developed, and appear in the following sections:

<
Section
Terminology3
Significance and Use4

GENERAL CONCEPTS

Test Method5
Measurement Terminology6
Observation7
Test Determination8
Test Result9

SOURCES OF VARIABILITY

Experimental Realization of a Test Method10
Operator 11
Apparatus 12
Environment 13
Sample 14
Time 15

STATISTICAL CONCEPTS

Accepted Reference Value 16
Statistical Control 17
Precision 18
Bias 19
Accuracy 20
Variation of Precision and Bias with Material21
Variation of Precision and Bias with Sources of Variability22

COMBINATIONS OF SOURCES OF VARIABILITY

Repeatability and Laboratory Bias 23
Other Within-a-Single Laboratory Precisions24
Reproducibility and Bias of the Test Method25
Range of Materials 26

METHODS OF EXPRESSING PRECISION AND BIAS

Indexes of Precision 27
Preferred Indexes of Precision for ASTM Test Methods 28
Preferred Statements of Bias for ASTM Test Methods 29
Elements of a Statement of Precision and Bias 30

STATEMENTS OF PRECISION AND BIAS

Examples of Statements of Precision and Bias31

APPENDIX
Alphabetical List of Descriptions of Terms from the Text X1

1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.


SDO ASTM: ASTM International
Document Number E177
Publication Date Jan. 10, 2002
Language en - English
Page Count 13
Revision Level 90a(2002)
Supercedes
Committee E11.20
Publish Date Document Id Type View
Oct. 1, 2020 E0177-20 Revision
Nov. 15, 2019 E0177-19 Revision
May 1, 2014 E0177-14 Revision
May 1, 2013 E0177-13 Revision
Oct. 1, 2010 E0177-10 Revision
Oct. 1, 2008 E0177-08 Revision
Nov. 15, 2006 E0177-06B Revision
Nov. 1, 2006 E0177-06A Revision
Nov. 1, 2004 E0177-06 Revision
Nov. 1, 2004 E0177-04E01 Revision
Nov. 1, 2004 E0177-04 Revision
Jan. 10, 2002 E0177-90AR02 Reaffirmation
Jan. 1, 1996 E0177-90AR96 Reaffirmation