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ASTM E1169-89(1996)

Historical Reaffirmation

Standard Practice for Conducting Ruggedness Tests

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1.1 In studying a test method, it is necessary to consider the effect of environmental factors on the results obtained using the test method. If this effect is not considered, the results from the original developmental work on the test method may not be as accurate as expected.The purpose of a ruggedness test is to find the variables (experimental factors) that strongly influence the measurements provided by the test method, and to determine how closely these variables need to be controlled. Ruggedness tests do not determine the optimum conditions for the test method.

1.2 The experimental designs most often used in ruggedness testing are the so called "Plackett-Burman" designs (1). Other experimental designs also can be used. This guide, however, will restrict itself to Plackett-Burman designs with two levels per variable because these designs are particularly easy to use and are efficient in developing the information needed for improving test methods. The designs require the simultaneous change of the levels of all of the variables, and allow the determination of the separated effects of each of the variables on the measured results. In ruggedness tests the two levels for each variable are set so as not to be greatly different. For such situations, the calculated effect for any given variable is generally not greatly affected by changes in the level of any of the other variables. A detailed example involving glass electrode measurements of the pH of dilute acid solutions is used to illustrate ruggedness test procedures. A method is presented for evaluating the experimental uncertainties.

1.3 The information in this guide is arranged as follows:

Section Scope 1 Summary of Guide 2 Significance and Use 3 Plackett-Burman Designs Applied to Ruggedness Tests 4 Plackett-Burman Design Calculations 5 Plackett-Burman Design Considerations 6 Interpretation of Results 7 Example 8 Testing Effects from Repeated (pH) Experiments 9 Controllable versus Uncontrollable Factors 10 Additional Information 11 Tables Figures Appendixes Additional Plackett-Burman Designs X1. Short-Cut Calculations X2. References

1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.


SDO ASTM: ASTM International
Document Number E1169
Publication Date Jan. 1, 1996
Language en - English
Page Count 6
Revision Level 89(1996)
Supercedes
Committee E11.20
Publish Date Document Id Type View
June 1, 2021 E1169-21 Revision
April 1, 2020 E1169-20 Revision
Sept. 1, 2018 E1169-18 Revision
Oct. 1, 2017 E1169-17E01 Revision
Oct. 1, 2017 E1169-17 Revision
May 1, 2014 E1169-14 Revision
May 15, 2013 E1169-13A Revision
April 15, 2013 E1169-13 Revision
Dec. 15, 2012 E1169-12A Revision
Nov. 1, 2012 E1169-12 Revision
Aug. 1, 2007 E1169-07 Revision
Oct. 10, 2002 E1169-02 Revision
Jan. 1, 1996 E1169-89R96 Reaffirmation