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ASTM D7027-20

Current Revision

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Scratch Resistance of Polymeric Coatings and Plastics Using an Instrumented Scratch Machine

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1.1 This test method describes a laboratory procedure using an instrumented scratch machine to produce and quantify surface damage under controlled conditions. This test method is able to characterize the scratch resistance of polymers by measuring many significant material parameters. The scratch-inducing and data acquisition process is automated to avoid user-influenced effects that may affect the results.

1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.

1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Note 1: This standard is equivalent to ISO 19252.

1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.


5.1 Scratch tests are performed on specimens:

(1) to evaluate the scratch resistance of a particular material,

(2) to rank the relative scratch resistance of different materials, or

(3) to determine the scratch coefficient of friction of materials.

5.2 Since polymers exhibit mechanical properties that are strongly dependent on temperature, the test standard prescribed herein is designed to yield reproducible results when users perform tests under the similar testing environment and on specimens of the same material and surface texture that are subjected to the same conditioning procedures.

5.3 Certain polymers are self-healing (recoverable) when subjected to scratches and other physical deformations because of their viscoelastic and relaxation properties. It is important to note the difference between the instantaneous (if readily measurable) and residual scratch damage and compare results appropriately to ensure reproducibility. It is recommended that 24 hours be allowed for viscoelastic recovery when considering residual scratch depth.

5.4 “Whitening” of the scratched surface is a key damage mechanism that has prompted much concern in automotive and other applications where surface aesthetics is important. This type of damage is undesirable because it is evident to the human eye. The critical normal load at which this phenomenon appears serves as a benchmark in ranking material performance, especially from an aesthetic point of view.

SDO ASTM: ASTM International
Document Number D7027
Publication Date Sept. 1, 2020
Language en - English
Page Count 9
Revision Level 20
Supercedes
Committee D20.10
Publish Date Document Id Type View
Sept. 1, 2020 D7027-20 Revision
Oct. 15, 2013 D7027-13 Revision
June 1, 2005 D7027-05E01 Revision
June 1, 2005 D7027-05 Revision