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ASTM D323-20a

Current Revision

Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)

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1.1 This test method covers procedures for the determination of vapor pressure (see Note 1) of gasoline, volatile crude oil, and other volatile petroleum products.

1.2 Procedure A is applicable to gasoline and other petroleum products with a vapor pressure of less than 180 kPa (26 psi).

1.3 Procedure B may also be applicable to these other materials, but only gasoline was included in the interlaboratory test program to determine the precision of this test method.

1.4 Procedure C is for materials with a vapor pressure of greater than 180 kPa (26 psi).

1.5 Procedure D for aviation gasoline with a vapor pressure of approximately 50 kPa (7 psi).

Note 1: Because the external atmospheric pressure is counteracted by the atmospheric pressure initially present in the vapor chamber, the Reid vapor pressure is an absolute pressure at 37.8 °C (100 °F) in kilopascals (pounds-force per square inch). The Reid vapor pressure differs from the true vapor pressure of the sample due to some small sample vaporization and the presence of water vapor and air in the confined space.

1.6 This test method is not applicable to liquefied petroleum gases or fuels containing oxygenated compounds other than methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE). For determination of the vapor pressure of liquefied petroleum gases, refer to Test Method D1267 or Test Method D6897. For determination of the vapor pressure of gasoline-oxygenate blends, refer to Test Method D4953. The precision for crude oil has not been determined since the early 1950s (see Note 3). Test Method D6377 has been approved as a method for determination of vapor pressure of crude oil. IP 481 is a test method for determination of the air-saturated vapor pressure of crude oil.

1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

1.8  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in Sections 7 and 18, and 12.5.3, 15.5, 21.2, A1.1.2, A1.1.6, and A2.3.

1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.


5.1 Vapor pressure is an important physical property of volatile liquids. This test method is used to determine the vapor pressure at 37.8 °C (100 °F) of petroleum products and crude oils with initial boiling point above 0 °C (32 °F).

5.2 Vapor pressure is critically important for both automotive and aviation gasolines, affecting starting, warm-up, and tendency to vapor lock with high operating temperatures or high altitudes. Maximum vapor pressure limits for gasoline are legally mandated in some areas as a measure of air pollution control.

5.3 Vapor pressure of crude oils is of importance to the crude producer and the refiner for general handling and initial refinery treatment.

5.4 Vapor pressure is also used as an indirect measure of the evaporation rate of volatile petroleum solvents.

SDO ASTM: ASTM International
Document Number D323
Publication Date Nov. 1, 2020
Language en - English
Page Count 11
Revision Level 20a
Supercedes
Committee D02.08
Publish Date Document Id Type View
Nov. 1, 2020 D0323-20A Revision
Aug. 1, 2020 D0323-20 Revision
June 1, 2015 D0323-15A Revision
April 1, 2015 D0323-15 Revision
Dec. 15, 2008 D0323-08 Revision
Aug. 1, 2006 D0323-06 Revision
April 10, 1999 D0323-99A Revision
Not Available D0323-94 Revision
Not Available D0323-90 Revision
Not Available D0323-82E02 Revision
Not Available D0323-58R68 Revision
June 1, 2014 D0323-08R14 Reaffirmation