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ASTM D2983-15

Historical Revision

Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubricants using a Rotational Viscometer

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1.1 This test method covers the use of Brookfield viscometers of appropriate torque for the determination of the low-shear-rate viscosity of lubricants. The test may be applied over the viscosity range of 500 mPa·s to 900 000 mPa·s within a low temperature range appropriate to the capacity of the viscometer head.3

1.2 This test method contains three procedures: Procedure A is used when only an air bath is used to cool samples in preparation for viscosity measurement. Procedure B is used when a mechanically refrigerated programmable liquid bath is used to cool samples in preparation for viscosity measurement. Procedure C is used when a mechanically refrigerated constant temperature liquid bath is used to cool samples in preparation for viscosity measurement.

1.3 The range of viscosity used to generate the precision data for this test method was from 300 mPa·s to 170 000 mPa·s at test temperatures from –12 °C to –40 °C. The ILS also included viscosities beyond 500 000 mPa·s and temperatures down to –55 °C and are included in Appendix X5. Appendix X4 lists another interlaboratory study that specifically targeted hydraulic fluid ranging from 500 mPa·s to 1700 mPa·s.

1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.4.1 The test method uses the SI unit, milliPascal-second (mPa·s), as the unit of viscosity. (1 cP = 1 mPa·s).

1.5 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.

1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.


5.1 The low-temperature, low-shear-rate viscosity of automatic transmission fluids, gear oils, torque and tractor fluids, and industrial and automotive hydraulic oils (see Appendix X4) are of considerable importance to the proper operation of many mechanical devices. Measurement of the viscometric properties of these oils and fluids at low temperatures is often used to specify their acceptance for service. This test method is used in a number of specifications.

5.2 This test method describes how to measure apparent viscosity directly without the errors associated with earlier techniques using extrapolation of experimental viscometric data obtained at higher temperatures.

Note 1: Low temperature viscosity values obtained by either interpolation or extrapolation of oils may be subject to errors caused by gelation and other forms of non-Newtonian response to spindle speed and torque.

SDO ASTM: ASTM International
Document Number D2983
Publication Date Oct. 15, 2015
Language en - English
Page Count 18
Revision Level 15
Supercedes
Committee D02.07
Publish Date Document Id Type View
Nov. 1, 2023 D2983-23 Revision
July 1, 2022 D2983-22 Revision
Nov. 1, 2021 D2983-21 Revision
Nov. 1, 2020 D2983-20 Revision
June 15, 2019 D2983-19E01 Revision
June 15, 2019 D2983-19 Revision
May 1, 2017 D2983-17 Revision
Dec. 15, 2016 D2983-16 Revision
Oct. 15, 2015 D2983-15 Revision
Aug. 1, 2009 D2983-09 Revision
May 1, 2004 D2983-04A Revision
Feb. 1, 2004 D2983-04 Revision
Aug. 10, 2003 D2983-03 Revision
Nov. 10, 2002 D2983-02B Revision
Aug. 10, 2002 D2983-02A Revision
May 10, 2002 D2983-02 Revision
Aug. 10, 2001 D2983-01 Revision
Aug. 10, 2001 D2983-87R93 Reaffirmation