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ASTM D1126-02(2007)e1

Historical Reaffirmation

Standard Test Method for Hardness in Water

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1.1 This test method covers the determination of hardness in water by titration. This test method is applicable to waters that are clear in appearance and free of chemicals that will complex calcium or magnesium. The lower detection limit of this test method is approximately 2 to 5 mg/L as CaCO3; the upper limit can be extended to all concentrations by sample dilution. It is possible to differentiate between hardness due to calcium ions and that due to magnesium ions by this test method.

1.2 This test method was tested on reagent water only. It is the user's responsibility to ensure the validity of the test method for waters of untested matrices.

This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.


Hardness salts in water, notably calcium and magnesium, are the primary cause of tube and pipe scaling, which frequently causes failures and loss of process efficiency due to clogging or loss of heat transfer, or both.

Hardness is caused by any polyvalent cations, but those other than Ca and Mg are seldom present in more than trace amounts. The term hardness was originally applied to water in which it was hard to wash; it referred to the soap-wasting properties of water. With most normal alkaline water, these soap-wasting properties are directly related to the calcium and magnesium content.

SDO ASTM: ASTM International
Document Number D1126
Publication Date Aug. 1, 2007
Language en - English
Page Count 4
Revision Level 02(2007)e1
Supercedes
Committee D19.05
Publish Date Document Id Type View
Dec. 1, 2017 D1126-17 Revision
March 1, 2012 D1126-12 Revision
May 10, 2002 D1126-96 Revision
May 10, 2002 D1126-02 Revision
Aug. 1, 2007 D1126-02R07E01 Reaffirmation